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Risk Assessment: Work in (Low Risk) Confined Space

Document Information

Field Value
Document Reference RA24
Issue Number 2
Issue Date 1 June 2026
Next Review 1 June 2027
Prepared By Sean Ashton
Approved By Aaron Mason, Director

Risk Assessment Table

Activity/Process Hazard Who/What Affected Existing Controls Pre-Control Risk (S/L/R) New Controls Required Post-Control Risk (S/L/R)
Classification and identification of confined spaces • Misclassification of confined spaces leading to inadequate controls
• Failure to identify confined space hazards
Site personnel could be exposed to unrecognized hazards if spaces are incorrectly classified as low risk. Escalation of risk during work could go unnoticed • Formal classification system based on Confined Spaces Regulations 1997
• Risk assessment by competent person
• Classification considers physical dimensions, access/egress, ventilation, and potential hazards
• Low risk spaces include meter pits with adequate ventilation and simple access
• Classification confirmed before entry and reassessed if conditions change
• Higher risk spaces subject to separate assessment
• Physical characteristics documented in confined space register
5/3/15 (High) • Provide enhanced training on confined space classification to all supervisors
Specialised training providers, within 3 months
• Cross reference with Method Statement 2.24
5/2/10 (High)
Pre-entry assessment and gas monitoring • Failure to detect hazardous atmospheres
• Changes in atmospheric conditions after initial testing
Site personnel could be exposed to oxygen deficiency, toxic gases, or explosive atmospheres. Risk of asphyxiation, poisoning, or injury from fire/explosion • Calibrated gas monitor used before entry
• Monitor lowered and left for 5 minutes before reading
• Testing includes oxygen, flammable gases, H₂S, and CO
• No entry if monitor alarms or readings outside parameters
• Continuous monitoring during work
• Personnel trained in gas monitor use
• Additional testing if conditions change
• Work ceases if alarm sounds during occupancy
5/3/15 (High) • Consider deploying continuous monitoring systems with remote alerts for high-risk or extended duration work
Directors evaluation
5/2/10 (High)
Entering and exiting confined spaces • Falls during entry/exit
• Physical injury from climbing
• Entrapment due to inadequate access/egress
Site personnel could suffer injuries from falls or physical exertion during entry/exit. Risk of being unable to exit quickly in emergency • Ladders in good order, suitable, and inspected
• Ladders secured to prevent movement
• Three points of contact maintained
• Step irons checked for security
• Equipment not carried unless safe system established
• Adequate lighting at entry/exit points
• Access points kept clear
• Assessment of physical dimensions vs. PPE/equipment
• Alternative access for restricted spaces
4/3/12 (High) • Consider installing permanent anchor points at frequent access locations to improve ladder security
Directors evaluation
4/2/8 (Moderate)
Working inside low-risk confined spaces • Physical injury from restricted movement or awkward postures
• Fatigue from working in enclosed environment
• Prolonged exposure to damp or cold conditions
Site personnel could suffer musculoskeletal injuries from restricted working positions. Risk of fatigue affecting judgment. Hypothermia in cold/wet conditions • Work periods limited to prevent fatigue
• Job rotation for demanding tasks
• Adequate rest breaks programmed
• Suitable PPE for ground conditions
• Task-specific ergonomic assessment
• Adequate lighting provided
• Communication maintained inside/outside
• Work methods adjusted for restrictions
3/4/12 (High) • Consider engaging occupational health specialists to assess high-risk tasks and recommend ergonomic improvements
HR Department, within 4 months
3/3/9 (Moderate)
Emergency response and rescue • Delayed or inadequate emergency response
• Injury during attempted rescue
• Inability to communicate emergency
Site personnel could suffer worsened outcomes if emergency response is delayed. Would-be rescuers at risk of becoming casualties • Emergency response plan before work
• Self-rescue emphasized for low-risk spaces
• Communication system established
• No lone working permitted
• Alarm raising means established
• Emergency services contacts available
• Personnel trained in emergency procedures
• Emergency access kept clear
• First aid equipment available
• No entry without proper equipment/training
5/3/15 (High) • Cross reference with Method Statement 2.24
Immediate implementation
5/2/10 (High)
Use of tools and equipment in confined spaces • Electric shock from power tools in damp conditions
• Build-up of exhaust fumes from petrol/diesel equipment
• Restricted movement increasing risk when using tools
Site personnel could suffer electric shock in damp conditions. Risk of asphyxiation from equipment fumes. Increased injury risk in restricted space • 110V equipment or RCD protected
• No combustion engines in confined spaces or within 2m of openings
• Battery equipment preferred
• Tools inspected before use
• Adequate lighting for tool operation
• Cables/hoses routed to prevent hazards
• Regular breaks when using tools awkwardly
• No smoking/naked lights in or near spaces
4/3/12 (High) • Consider introducing permit system for powered tools in confined spaces
HSQE evaluation
4/2/8 (Moderate)
Working in confined spaces during adverse weather • Flooding during heavy rainfall
• Increased humidity affecting working conditions
• Heat stress during hot weather
Risk of drowning if space floods. Reduced visibility due to condensation. Heat stress affecting judgment and physical capability • Weather forecast monitored before entry
• No work in flooding risk areas during heavy rain
• Additional ventilation in hot weather
• Regular cool rest breaks in hot weather
• Humidity considered for work time limits
• Additional lighting if condensation affects visibility
• Evacuation plan considers weather risks
• Alternative work if conditions unsafe
5/3/15 (High) • Consider installing permanent water level monitoring at high-risk locations with remote alerts
Directors evaluation
5/2/10 (High)
Training and competence assessment • Inadequately trained personnel undertaking confined space entry
• Lack of awareness of emergency procedures
Site personnel at risk due to lack of knowledge or skills. Potential for incorrect response in emergencies • All personnel completed confined space training
• Training includes hazards, gas monitoring, entry procedures, emergency response
• Training refreshed at appropriate intervals
• Site-specific briefing before each entry
• Competence assessed before authorization
• Training records maintained and checked
• Additional training for specific hazards
• Medical questionnaire before authorization
4/3/12 (High) • Consider implementing mentoring system for newly trained confined space workers
Directors evaluation, within 2 months
4/2/8 (Moderate)

Key:

  • S = Severity (1-5 scale)
  • L = Likelihood (1-5 scale)
  • R = Risk Rating (S × L)
  • Risk Levels:
  • Low (1-3)
  • Moderate (4-8)
  • High (9-15)
  • Very High (16-25)
  • Confined Spaces Regulations 1997